Endocrine Abstracts

Obesity is growing fast worldwide. Although environmental factors play a major role, endocrine dysfunction may contribute to the weight gain. We report an invasive macroprolactinoma diagnosed in obesity setting. A 35-year-old male was referred to our endocrine outpatient department due to grade 2 obesity (IMC 38.4 Kg/m2). His weight was increasing since the beginning of his professional activity at the age of 20 due to a sedentary lifestyle. On physical examination he had an h...

Introduction: POEMS syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma-proliferative disorder and skin changes. Different endocrinopathies are found in 58-80% of patients, however, its pathophysiology remains unknown. Hypogonadism (primary and secondary) is the most common endocrinopathy (79% of patients), with other abnormalities including hyperprolactinemia (56%), primary hypothyroidism (54%), abnormal glu...

Increased recognition of the morbidity and mortality due to osteoporosis in men are main issues of public health. Ageing and the propensity to falls are the main risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in men; moreover, hypogonadism is an important secondary cause of low bone mineral density (BMD), but very little is known about the effect of hypogonadism treatment on the BMD.Objective: The aim was to study the impact on BMD of the treatment of male hypo...

Introduction: Parathyroid adenoma is the most frequent cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). In recent years minimally invasive surgical techniques have challenged the traditional bilateral neck exploration. There are different imaging techniques for preoperative location of parathyroid adenomas. In this study the authors review the role of Doppler ultrasound focusing on its safety, availability and affordability.Aim: To evaluate the role of Doppl...

Aim: Dose corrected for thyroid gland size is one of the methods used to determine radioactive iodine (RAI) activity for patients with Graves disease (GD). This study was aimed to investigate the real-world success rate of this method and the predictors of success after first treatment.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 80 patients with GD treated between 2014 and 2020 in a tertiary referral hospital in Almada, Portugal. The successful group was d...

Introduction: The diagnostic gold standard for thyroid nodular disease is ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC), being the most accurate, cost-effective and minimal invasive preoperative test to distinguish benign from malignant nodules, aiming to resolve patient management. However, up to 30% of FNACs are classified as indeterminate nodules, turning difficult the decision on patient management to avoid unnecessary surgeries. The development of thyroid ca...

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is an endocrine condition with multiple causes. Paraneoplastic hyperthyroidism due to marked overproduction of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) by choriocarcinoma is a rare diagnosis, which results from the homology of the alpha subunit of hCG to TSH.Clinical case: A 33-year-old man, with a history of cryptorchidism and orchidopexy in infancy and a euthyroid thyroid nodule, presented with nausea, constipation, and abdomina...

Introduction: The American Diabetes Association guideline states that the long-term use of metformin may be associated with biochemical vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency and periodic measurement should be considered, although isolated serum B12 measurement has low sensitivity and specificity. Homocysteine (Hcy) and methylmalonic acid (MMA) are more sensitive biomarkers, the latter being more specific.Objectives: To estimate B12 deficiency in type 2 diabetics ...

Introduction: Adrenal tumors are usually detected due to clinical manifestations of hormonal hypersecretion or incidental findings on imaging evaluation. Although most incidentalomas are non-functioning adenomas, it is important to appropriately evaluate such masses to exclude hormonal excess or malignancy.Case description: An 81-year old male was admitted to our hospital for fever with 15 days of evolution. The patient also presented chills and loss of ...

In the adrenal incidentaloma (AI) it is fundamental to determine functionality and benignity. The aim of this study was to evaluated the clinical, radiological and hormonal evolution of AI and compare the frequency of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) between American and European Guidelines.Methods: Retrospective evaluation of patients with AI referred to our service in the last 5 years.Results: 140 patients were included, 50.9%...